TODAY -

E-Pao! Essay - Lenin, the practical shaper of Marxism

Marxism bu thabak ta onthokpada mayong maril tahallamba Lenin
(Lenin, the practical shaper of Marxism)

Lai Rakes *



Lenin, ming asheemaknee 20 ( kun ) shuba shatapteegee RUSSIA da tattana shonnakheeba. Lenin gee ashengba mamingnee, Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov. Mahakna Russian shinmee shingee thabak kaya kanna touba hougatlakpa aduwaidagee mahakpu meeyamda luchingba ama oina shaktaklakheeba mamingnee Lenin.

Lenin, 1870 da pokhee. Mashagee chahee kunthra (30) shurakpa aduwaidagee Russia gee Tsarist leingakpa shingee awot anei, shashan da ashoiba amadee ashonba kayabu shemdoknabage wakhallon ga loinana meeyamgee maruoina shinmee shingee shashangee damak akanba wakhallonga loinana RUSSIAN SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC LABOUR PARTY da yaoduna amadee luchingduna shinmee shingee hak hanjinhannanaba achouba amadee akanba eehou houkheeba luchingba amanee.

Labour party manungda wakhallon amadee lallong da khennaba khara lakpadagee labour party faction ( kanglup ) taraktuna BOLSHEVIKS amadee MENSHEVIKS haina anee thoktuna Lenin na BOLSHEVIKS pu luchingkhee.

Leningee meeyamda yawolgee akanba eetheel peekheeba mahak mashamakee lairik amadee chejai khara panba tarabadee - What is to be done? ( published in 1902), Imperialism, the highest stage of Capitalism ( published in 1916 )amadee, The State and Revolution ( published in 1917 ).

Capitalism da Leningee mityeng - Lenin na Capitaliam da thamleeba mityeng amadee magee wakhallon neinadreengeigee mamangda Capitalism gee wakhallon amadee artha khungba tangaiphade. Capitalism, masheegee mareeleinareeba amadee meeyamna khungnareeba arthadee, capitalism haibashee leibak amagee nattraga leibak aduda chatnareeba shel-thum gee neetee neeyam loinana mawong amanee.

Haireeba mawong asheedadee pothok puthoktuna shel lakhannanaba hotnareeba amadee masheegee thabak chathareeba loishang amadee shingshang shing ashee lannai meoi shingna challaiba amadee makhoi mashagee shengdong tanbagee mawong asheenee haiba yai. Lenin na loi lam leingak/loi shandok pa ( IMPERIALISM ) asheebu capitalism gee khwaidagee awangba tangkaknee amadee shaktamnee haina loukhee.

Mahakkee mityengda, imperialism haibashee capitalism gee aroiba thaknee amadee masheedagee hendokna chatpashu yararoi haina haikhee. Capitalistic oiba leibak shingna lamgeedamak laan touduna ( being belligerent ), meeyamda khamthengna wahallee haina haikhee.

Imperialism da Leningee mityeng - Lenin na Imperialism da thamleeba magee mityeng ashee magee "The theory of Imperialism" na mayek shengna peeree. Magee wakhallongee matung inna, Imperialism haibashee capitalism gee aroiba thaknee.

Maram aduna, choukhatle haina loureeba capitalist leibak kaya gee mayai oirapna hingleebadageena yamna nungai yaiphana hingleeba meoi kanglup amadee khut sha ningtheena heiraba shinmee shingee awaba nongma nongma gee hantharaklee.

Loi shandorakpana shel-thumgee amadee leingak neetee gee thabak kaya da makhoina atoppa leibak kayabu neihakpa shu hengatlaklee. Kareegumba haireeba Captalistic oireeba shing asheena imperialistic oidrabadee ( loi shandoktrabadee ) makhoigee ( imperialist ) shinmee shing amadee makhoigee lengakpa shingee pheebam shoidana shoklakkadaba maramna makhoina loi shandokpanee.

Makhoina loi lam leingakleeba leibak amadee jaga adugee meeyambu neihattuna amadee meeyamgee oiba kannaba kaya bu mattuna makhoi mashagee hingbagee thak ( living condition ) nungainaba hotnaba nattana kareeshu natte, haina ashumna mahakna Imperialism amadee Capitalism bu yamna chumdaba amadee aranba, meeyambu khamthengna wahanba amadee neihakpa thouwong shingnee haina mahakee mityeng thamkhee.

Karl Marx, 19 ( taraga mapan ) shuba chahee chagee German gee philosopher, economist, political thinker, amadee yamna active oikheeba revolutionary figure amanee. Mahakkee wakhallon shingna 19 ( tara mapan ) amadee masheegee matung 20 ( kun ) shuba shattapteeda europe tada nattana atoppa leibak kayada achouba SOCIALISM gee eetheel peekheeba adugumba meeshaknee.

Mahakkee awangba thakkee maming leiraba lairik kharadee - Das Capital ( three vols. published in 1867, 1885 and 1894 ), amadee punna eekheeba ( jointly composed with Engels ) Communist manifesto ( published in 1848 ), asheena chingbanee. Saint Simon, Charles Fourier amadee Robert Owen bu Utopian Socialist nee haina hainarabashu. Makhoigee matungda Socialism bu yamna ideal oiba wakhallon kaya puthoktuna thabakta onthokpa yana artha handoklamba meeshak hairagadee Marx nee.

Magee wakhallon gee tungdanee eikhoina houjik phouba MARXISM haina khungnareeba wakhallon shee. Mahakna Socialism gee wakhallon dagee Utopian Socialist shingee oiba yaroidaba amadee oithokloidaba pukningee eetheel kaya amadee achum arangee wapham kayabu louthoktuna yamna henna practical oiba mawongda thamkhee.

Mahakna magee theory of Dialectical Materialism amadee Materialism Interpretation da yumpham oiraga Socialism gee artha peekhee. Masheemakna mahakna amadee Engels na punna Communist League linkhatuna communism gee eehou ama kanna hourakhee.

Leninism ( Lenin gee wakhallon ) ga Marxism ( Marx kee wakhallon ) ga leinaba maree - Leninism haibashee makhal kaya da yumpham oiduna masheegee wakhallon sheebu meoi kayana artha handoknei.

Lenin na Marxism gee theory bu Tsarist Russia da pushillaklaga thabak ta panshinkheeba adubushu khungnei. Adubu, yamna shengna hairagadee Leninism na Marxism dagee khara makheidee ahenba yaowee haiba yai.

Lenin na Marx kee wakhallon bu thabak ta oina onthoktuna pangthokpada henna mawong maril tahankhee haiba yai. Leninism asheeda Marxism gee revolutionary element ( yaol gee wakhallongee machak ) kharadee amuk nouhounana ningshingbagee mamee taree.

Tashengnamak haireeba yaol gee wakhallon ashee Europe kee EVOLUTION SOCIALISM ( shemdoklaba socialism gee wakhallon ) na kankhatlakpana maram oiduna meeyamna khungnarudraba, amambana kupshinduna leirurabanee.

Masheemak Lenin mashana amuk hanna yokkhattuna houdoklamee haiba yai. Lenin na amuk hanna haikhee, "preetheebeeda shinmee shingee oiba ( leingakee oiba ) leibak amatta leite aduna preetheebeeda achouba yaol ama tangaiphade".

Yaol ama porakpada REVOLUTIONARY AGENCY haibadee yaol gee khutlai, apunba kanglup ama tangaiphadabagee wakhallondubushu Lenin na thabak oina pangthoktuna Marxism dagee khongpham ama kakhattuna mahakna thabak chathanaba PARTY shemba houkhee.

Ashumna Lenin na mahakee shemdoklaba SOCIALISM gee wakhllon bu RUSSIA da panshinduna REVOLUTION kaya gee matungda SOVIET RUSSIA shemduna ahanba oina preetheebeeda SOCIALIST state ama oikhee. Lenin na, Socialist theorist shingee achouba manglan ama 20 ( Kun) shuba chatapteeda mangphounahankhee.

Mayamshing shee yengluragadee matamgee matung inna wakhallon khundingmak honglaktuna matamduga channanaba hotnarakee haibasheenee. Hongba naigadaba asheegumnba kanglon shing asheebu karamba mawongdana henna chunnaba channaba amadee yaiphaba oigadage haibadushu meeyamna leple houjiktee.

Masheemak tashengna matamna porakpa yaol nee haiba yai. Loinana, houjik 21 ( kun mathoi ) shuba chahee chasheedadee SOCIALISM/COMMUNISM bu henna channana, oithokpa yana makhal makha kaya da shemdoktuna amadee hapchinduna yamna mawong taba pheebamda leire.

Masheedee taibang pal gee khongchat na leptree makhei hongduna ta leiragadaba amanee. Neetee - neeyam kaya SOCIALISM da nattana atei leihoureeba kanglong kayashu honglakheegadaba ngakee.


Lai Rakes contributes regularly to e-pao.net
You can email the writer at [email protected]
This article was webcasted on 21st October 2005.


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