TODAY -
✦

Imphal Valley People vis-a-vis Hill People

R Rungsung *



The traditional Mera Houchongba festival re-affirming the close bond and ties between the hill and valley people



The land we cherish and the place where we live for centuries have its values for our sustenances. Once it was a pride for its people with the coined name "Chingna Koishinba Manipur Sana Leipak" (Surrounded by hills-Manipur the golden land). Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru called it 'Switzerland of the East,' meaning that European peoples cherish and love Switzerland for her prosperity and peaceful life plus for maintaining friendships with al nations. Hence, for full security and safety, rich people of the world, including Indians, have secret bank deposits with Swiss Banks.

Our Creater made the world good including Manipur. All creations were perfect for our happy life and sustenance. Imphal valley people were happy and pleasant in celebrating various festivals with overflowing granaries and old game Polo. Tangkhul Elders told us that Meiteis of Imphal have horses flying like eagles in the air (referred to Polo game). During 1950s, football game was the main sport item well-played at Imphal Pologround with the regular participation by Tangkhul football club. They travelled wholeday on foot and halted one night at Litan and reached Imphal the next day by an old bus made of old abandoned WWII Chevrolet truck. Sometimes they came with champion trophy or runners-up cup. During the construction of Khuman Lampak Sports Complex Rs. 4.5 Crores were diverted to it from the Tribal Welfares Funds.

We tribal youths joined Thabal Chongba at various leikais and enjoyed it well. There were no troubles but peace prevailed. When we reached hostel the time was almost 1 to 2 a.m. and we did not see when the day broke. A good many Meiteis were friends in the college. I have a love-lost tale with a Meitei Leishabi as down the memory lane.

In the channel of religions and cultural celebrations different forms and rituals were performed according to its own belief and custom. Christianity in Imphal valley then was forbidden except at a place between D.M. College and Chingmeirong. Khuman Lampak and Dewlahland were barren with big big local mango trees grow here and there. A Meitei elder told me that the place is called Awah Leikai and the history has it that when people settled here there will be turmoil and war broke out. I think that was not a conjecture.

Today in religious aspect, Meitei Christians are suffering at the hands of Non-Christian Meiteis at various leikais and places. It is a great concern for all Christians, not of Manipur alone but beyond the State. We ought to know that religion binds people of different castes and races around the world. As such "Nagaland For Christ" carries its volumes irrespective of different communities and lands.

In the channel of hill people who have settled and living in Imphal Valley, Meiteis seem to have grudge for not allowing them to settle and like in hill areas like tribals living in Imphal. The charges and allegations against it are:

(1) Meiteis are not given chances to enjoy facilities that are available in hill areas,
(2) Hill people are not developing but destroying lands and buring forests,
(3) Hill people are foolish (Haobang) and lacking knowledges, backward and illiterate,
(4) United Naga Council under the command of NSCN is working to disintegrate Manipur. All charges and allegations against the Nagas are true to the best of my knowledge. All charges have their meanings in themselves. Let us go further for better understanding.

Since the time of Meitei Maharajas time and upto this day the permanent practice of thumbing rule is deeply rooted in the name of majority and more advanced people. Imphal valley thinks good for its causes though the hill people bleed. Imphal valley seeing and looking at the lush and deep forests plus unexplored minerals in the hill areas have a sigh of covetousness. But could not touch them. What causes such chasm is that good feeling toward one another is missing and full understanding is totally lacking. It would not be wrong to say that Imphal valley peole is travelling in one way traffic. Hills are lacking in all respects due to want of proper uses of funds that had and have accumulated at Imphal valley. Hill people who claim leaders are in that pool. It would be wrong to point accusing finger at Meiteis only. Both of them are equally responsible for the present crisis.

In addition to that shady ongoings, many hill leaders (excluding simple purely self-manageabe persons) have permanently established houses and buildings elsewhere in Imphal in collusion will majority rulers. His/their sources of income have nothing to do with the assets they possesed except misused of public funds. True Lokpal Bill will answer them. Many of them have simple two or three rooms tin roofed houses at their respective villages. Some do not have his/their house except in the village house counting record. Some of them may come to his village with flying colour like once in a bluemoon. Doling out a few thousands and left again for Imphal never to be seen again. They are fully merged with Imphal Valley people. Do not call them Hao but Hill Meiteis. I have no hatred for them.

The right choice for my life is me and to determind one's life is self-oriented. Many Indians (including Meiteis, Nagas, Mizos etc.) have permanently settled in U.K. (about three lacs), U.S.A. (more than two lacs), Canada (about one lac), Australia (about twenty thousands) and elsewhere. So the same with the hill people of Manipur in Imphal Valley. Nothing wrong with them. The choice is theirs.

In the channel of development, we already have seen and seeing them clearly that had recently built known as Mini-Secretariat of three storeys at hill headquarters. Those are the landmark of hill developments. The value of that building will be equavalent to some rich Meiteis families alone. Your guess please. 80% hill areas are in darkness. No proper road communications. Many died unheard due to want of road communication and health care. Schools are just in namesake. Some teachers are studying outside the State doing Master Course drawing his/her pay regularly. This is Manipur. Arrest me if I am wrong.

Finally I want to ask any of you (valley or hill persons) to give us crisis solving answer to the following questions.

1. Whenever there was a road blockade for (say) one week Imphal Cry foul and feel bitter against the blockaders. Can Manipur live without Mayangs?

2. Which one is better? (a) To cry foul against the blockade or (b) To discriminate against hill people.

3. What resources and other things Imphal have in store for future sustenances?

4. What sources Imphal Valley produce to share with/give to hill people?

5. Hating Christianity but want to sleep with unmarried girl is sin. Can we have peaceful family?

6. Call us any name-good or bad but give the exact meaning of "Chingtam-amatani".

Let us draw facts. Eagerly waiting for reply in good spirit. God Bless you all.


* R Rungsung wrote this article for The Sangai Express.
This article was posted on February 13, 2012.


* Comments posted by users in this discussion thread and other parts of this site are opinions of the individuals posting them (whose user ID is displayed alongside) and not the views of e-pao.net. We strongly recommend that users exercise responsibility, sensitivity and caution over language while writing your opinions which will be seen and read by other users. Please read a complete Guideline on using comments on this website.


LATEST IN E-PAO.NET
  • Mera Chaorel Houba @ Kangla #1 : Gallery
  • Violence in Manipur 2023-2026 : Timeline
  • China's Mayor Economy
  • My muse :: Poem
  • Condemns Killings & Beheading of Civilian
  • Who doesn't do Vote Chori ?
  • EZE Perfumes Enters Northeast
  • One to one meet with PM
  • Exploring The Vanishing Self #14
  • 61st Hunger Marchers' Day #3 : Gallery
  • Humlennganba, Saka : Eming
  • Two interviews, one empty table
  • A landscape of silence :: Poem
  • NSS Runathon for Peace 2026
  • Gender equality- central to diplomatic leaders
  • Manipuri Calendar for year 2027 : Download
  • Meiteilon not Tibeto-Burman language: Rvw
  • Visit to George Gordon's tomb at Canchipur
  • Anandkumar Naorem: World Top 2% Scientist
  • Protect the hills to protect the valley
  • Call for Papers on Manipuri Pony
  • Ashok Singhal Ji - A Karmayogi
  • Addressing the basics of life
  • 228th Bheigyachandra @Nabadwip #1: Gallery
  • Wildlife Week Celebration at Thanga
  • Evolving women's role in Manipur tourism
  • Where do we go from here ?
  • Training Programme on Mushroom
  • Festival look for Navratras
  • Condolence : Demise of Adino Phizo
  • Significant Delhi invite to 3 leaders
  • Heterogeneous Structure of Meitei Society
  • Concert @ 18th Orange Fest #1: Gallery
  • When water management was Statecraft
  • Who switched off the respect :: Poem
  • All is not yet lost for Manipur
  • Wildlife Conservation: Securing the Future
  • Exam : Post of Under Secretary (Law)
  • Understanding narco-terrorism
  • 1500 Burma Refugees Families in 1968-1973
  • 17th World Bamboo Day : Gallery
  • Land affected families: NH-202 in Ukhrul
  • Training Programme on PCB Repair
  • World Habitat Day 2026
  • AMR survivor & WHO call to protect medicines
  • Cut fuel taxes, not food
  • Creating chaos on roads of Imphal
  • Sushila & Bichu @Airport #1: Gallery
  • Manipuri Pony: Case for Animal Science Univ
  • Hemp plant for sustainable textile & Manipur
  • Flame of the lamp & our cultural sensibility
  • Without you :: Poem
  • Welcomes Lalremsiami, Lalthantluangi
  • On the growing roadside eateries
  • Naga Peace Process: Indo-Naga Talk: Timeline
  • 36 Names: Manipur at the Asian Games
  • Abok Ki Singju to Premiere
  • A vision fragmented by corruption :: Poem
  • Gandhi Ji's 3 monkeys and Manipur
  • AI-powered X-Rays are helping find TB
  • Mizoram Reward Lalremsiami, Lalthantluangi
  • 15 years in power Vs 10 years in power
  • Exploring The Vanishing Self #13
  • US-Manipur Digital Archiving Workshop
  • 8th Cultural/ Freshers' Meet for Rongmei
  • The Same Smoke :: Poem
  • Supriya looks at HYROX World C'ships
  • AI4SEVA Hackathon @IT SEZ, Mantripukhri
  • 38th Foundation Day- NIELIT Imphal #2
  • Heikru Hidongba @Bijoy Govinda : Gallery
  • Manipur's Indigenous Natural Farming System
  • Basic human needs a struggle for Sinakeithei
  • Demise of Pame, Marinmai, Lianvela
  • When I met the pugilist Sarita
  • 38th Foundation Day of NIELIT Imphal #1
  • Mizoram's Anthurium Festival Returns
  • Poll fever seems to be catching up
  • My attempt - Meiteilon is not Tibeto-Burman
  • XXXII National Thang-Ta C'ship concluded
  • One Village One Product: A better alternative
  • When machines can answer, who will judge ?
  • Explain motive- Tronglaobi Terror Attack
  • Merger of 5 elected members of NPP
  • Namghar Unites Assam & Maharashtra
  • Trade and commerce : In a limbo
  • 130th Irawat Anniversary : Gallery
  • Lamyanba Irabot Day at Itanagar
  • Irabot's Ideals Remembered at Mumbai
  • Coffee as a sustainable alternative to poppy
  • Her Godname :: Poem
  • Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome
  • Rejoinder to NPCC
  • Need to get priorities right
  • Irawat and Meetei National question
  • XXXII National Junior Thang-Ta C'ship
  • World Heart Day 2026: Don't miss a beat
  • Science in everyday life
  • Nature Education Workshop
  • Rejoinder to Dr S C Jamir
  • Daslakshan Mahaparva: Festival of 10 supreme
  • Focus back on SoO camps
  • Raengdai Vs NEROCA : Durand Cup : Gallery
  • October Calendar for Year 2026 : Tools
  • Lebensraum or ethnic cleansing
  • World Alzheimer's Day 2026
  • Sensitization Workshop on POSH
  • Mourns Passing of Aribam Shantimo
  • Lecture on 'Indigenous Knowledge Systems'
  • Rejects allegations by NPCC President
  • The narrative Manipur needs
  • Tour Diaries of Maxwell & Higgins #2
  • Laitonjam Rishikanta @ Asian Bodybuilding
  • First poster of Interlude released
  • In the womb of time :: Poem
  • Running an abnormal State
  • Khunung Eshei & Mukna competitions
  • Conference: Challenge in Sustainable Science
  • Rolling back the highway blockade
  • Exploring The Vanishing Self #12
  • Manipur Mesopotamia Force WWI : Gallery
  • PhD in Manipur : Fund it, Fix it
  • Many Voices, One State: Manipur's dilemma
  • Me and Moon: Both do the night shift : Poem
  • Putting rights: Body autonomy & sexual health
  • Green Tea for beauty
  • Yaoshang Thabal @Khurai #2: Gallery
  • AI = Arangpham Intelligence, the Frankenstein
  • World Pharmacists' Day 2026
  • Tapes of 1979 Film 'Ashroy' Discovered
  • From Pangaea to the unpredictable Earth
  • In a Crooked Room :: Poem
  • Debt recovery should be done, but within law
  • Regionalism : New political flavour
  • Chali-Saba - Kang Ningol Palli #1: Gallery
  • Book Release: Exploring The Vanishing Self
  • The Echo After Forever :: Poem
  • The paradox of Kukiland
  • Dr Wairokpam Yaiphaba : Fulbright Fellowship
  • Essay, Painting & Speech Competitions
  • Manipur : Mixture of opposites
  • Naothingkhong & Pitanga #1: Hearthside Story
  • Meiteilon is still not a Tibeto-Burman language
  • 52nd Foundation Day of AMWJU : Gallery
  • The chokehold on Manipur's potential
  • Another Langban has com :: Poem
  • Ageing needs a gendered human rights
  • Mizoram's 2026 festival season opened
  • Inspect the SoO camps
  • 61st Hunger Marchers' Day #2 : Gallery
  • lEkoLdugi warisiH :: Seireng
  • Can Strong Anti-Racism Law save NE Indians
  • Before Building a Viksit Bharat, Learning
  • Quality planting for Pineapple & Banana
  • Seminar: Career Options in Life Sciences
  • Fitclass Gym Moti Nagar Opens
  • Burning hills of Manipur
  • Culturals @Beating of Retreat #4 : Gallery
  • Memo to Union Home Minister
  • Recollections: My past experience & episode
  • The tragedy of the thinking mind
  • Rejoinder to K. Therie
  • Four MCS Officers appointed to IAS
  • International Day of Peace
  • Namghar, to be inuagarated at Sarhad
  • Time for people to lay down the agenda
  • Justice for 6 Liangmai Nagas #2 : Gallery
  • 17th World Bamboo Day 2026
  • 12th Manipur Legislative Assembly : Gallery
  • The 731, and those who may follow
  • Reflecting on 21st September
  • BRICS India 2026 : Role of India
  • If BJP/NDA wants to come back
  • Marking comeback of loadshedding
  • Exploring The Vanishing Self #11
  • Little Flower School, 1973 batch : Gallery
  • Bichu Kharibam: FIH Magic Skill Award
  • The Symphony of the Stain :: Poem
  • Moringa seeds of hope take root
  • Job Plan : The major job of Govt of Manipur
  • Training Programme on Mushroom
  • Tour Diaries of Maxwell & Higgins #1
  • BRICS at New Delhi 2026
  • Reimagining Manipur: Hackathon Competition
  • NE - heavier downpours & longer dry spells
  • A new dawn after your departure :: Poem
  • Hindi Pakhwada 2026 concluded
  • Seminar on Scientific Writing
  • Happy tidings for scribes of Manipur
  • Ningol Phida - Shumang Leela #2 : Gallery
  • Study: Social Worker on Counselling Practice
  • Foreigner's Tribunal: A solution for Manipur
  • India-Myanmar boundary : Mistakes of 1967
  • Which one is which ? :: Poem
  • The EMI generation: Young people on credit
  • Radio E-pao: 5 new songs updated
  • Chiru Maroi : Scientific Documentation
  • BRICS Summit 2026: The rise of global south
  • Manipur- Best Performing State- IEMI 2025
  • Academic Administration Course @MU
  • World Ozone Day 2026
  • Lakshadweep's #endTB blueprint for India
  • 'Othering' the North East folks
  • To our star Tamo Vicky, Vikram Chongtham
  • Vice President visited Manipur : Gallery
  • Celebrating the architect of our future
  • Cost of complacency- Manipur must demand
  • Condemns Recent Killings & Violence
  • Thadou Martyrs' Day observed
  • North East Creator Circuit 2026 Debut
  • From Feb to Sep: What is happening ?
  • Langban Tha Katchaba @Haying #1 : Gallery
  • Targeting 1 Naga voice stirred Naga solidarity
  • Mushroom Cultivation Training concluded
  • 59th Engineers' Day Celebration
  • We, the only protectors :: Poem
  • Hiring @ 4-Star Hotel in Udupi
  • Rejoinder to Dr S C Jamir & CNFN
  • Guns and arson in the hills
  • Ibudhou Pakhangba Haraoba #1 : Gallery
  • Why Manipur Govt has no power in hills
  • Anti-Rabies Vaccination Camp
  • 2026 NAMA Research Grant
  • Why Gor and Gori were in Manipur ?
  • My Run :: Poem
  • Support Flood-Affected Families in Sivasagar
  • Reeling under one issue & the other
  • Exploring The Vanishing Self #10
  • Protest by Researchers @DM Univ : Gallery
  • Rs 5.20 Crores settled in 3rd Lok Adalat
  • Coins of Morning :: Poem
  • Dengue Fever : Diagnosis | Prevention
  • Observance of Thadou Martyrs' Day 2026
  • Condemns Tragic Loss of Chongtham Vikram
  • Meitei Esei
  • US Ambassador @ CM Mantripukhri : Gallery
  • Chongtham Vikram: Delhi Cannot Explain Away
  • A teacher does not leave when his classroom
  • Advanced Bootcamp on Swarm Drones
  • Solidarity With Naga Community
  • Dikho abstains from Cabinet Meeting
  • Blockade hurts no one but common man
  • 'Meeyamgi Khollao Khongchat' #1 : Gallery
  • Users and Abusers of Words
  • Suicide Prevention in the age of social media
  • The red junglefowl: The principal wild ancestor
  • Condemns Killing of Chongtham Vikram
  • Defending women rights against anti-rights
  • Grade-A Mall & Hotel in Guwahati
  • On having completed 27 years in print
  • Candle Light- Chongtham Vikram : Gallery
  • Manipuri Pony Heritage Talk to Students
  • Souls with no sacred flame :: Poem
  • International Primate Day 2026
  • Misuse of Tapentadol: A grave danger
  • Colonial records: Hill Areas, 1891-1947
  • Joint Resolution: Abrogation of SoO
  • NRC in Manipur : Time for 'walk the talk'
  • Elimination of Racial Discrimination
  • Manipur after conflict: Shared hope
  • Condemn Arson at Lhungjang Primary School
  • International Literacy Day 2026
  • Demands Abrogation of SoO
  • Decision to stay away from Assembly
  • Justice for 6 Liangmai Nagas #1 : Gallery
  • Manipur Can Simply Be Manipur
  • PhD Admission at Assam University
  • What delimitation could mean for Manipur
  • Exploring The Vanishing Self #9
  • Teachers' Day Celebration : Gallery
  • Census 2027 for Manipur deferred
  • Read Meitei Mayek news in romanized English
  • NEROCA Vs Navy : Durand Cup : Gallery
  • 24-hour Gen Strike (Sep 1) : Gallery
  • Panthoibi Anoi Khuthek #1 : Gallery
  • Book on the History of Manipur released
  • 48-hour General Strike by JFD #3 : Gallery
  • Culturals from Manipur at Delhi Fashion Week
  • The flame of Haipou Jadonang
  • Kang Khichri Chaba #2 : Gallery
  • Census deferred & NRC begins
  • Relevance of NRC, 1951 for immigrants
  • 61st Hunger Marchers' Day #1 : Gallery
  • Featured Front Page Photo 2026 #4: Gallery
  • The King Who Caught a Bird : Konthoupa
  • Meira Rally 'No NRC, No Census' : Gallery
  • FC Reangdai Vs TRAU : Durand Cup : Gallery
  • 48-hour General Strike by JFD #2 : Gallery
  • Manipur Expeditionary Force, World War I
  • Waqf Amendment Act: An Analysis
  • 135th Patriots' Day @ Thangal Tomb : Gallery
  • 48-hour General Strike by JFD #1 : Gallery
  • 35th Manipuri Language Day, 20 August
  • 135th Patriots' Day @ Hicham : Gallery
  • Ibudhou Thangjing Haraoba #2 : Gallery
  • Wakol Laoba : A Philosophical Analysis
  • Lifetime Achievement Award for 4 Scientists
  • 13th CM Kang Tournament : Gallery
  • The chappals we leave behind
  • Search 25 years of e-pao.net
  • North East India Fest @ London : Gallery
  • Colonial Knowledge Production in NE India #23
  • 360° panoramic view of spots in Manipur
  • Final Merit List : Manipur Civil Services 2022
  • PUCL Tribunal report: A shadow of partiality #3
  • PUCL Tribunal report: A shadow of partiality #2
  • PUCL Tribunal report: A shadow of partiality #1
  • Jump Start
    DBS Imphal SubSite | Readers Mail | Editorials | Education Announcements | Essay | Exclusive Event | Flash - Audio Visual | Incidents | LFS Imphal SubSite | News Timeline | Poetry | Opinion | Sports | Rock Concert | RSS | Top Stories | Wathi Jugai