Religious Landscape in Manipur
- Part 2 -

Prof RK Narendra Singh *

Decadal growth rate:
Table-2
Religion-wise decadal growth rate (%)

Religion	1951 to 1961	1961 to 1971	1971 to 1981	1981 to 1991	1991 to 2001	2001 to 2011
Hindu	38.52	31.49	34.87	24.18	-5.91	18.56
Christian	122.3	83.66	51.02	48.6	17.7	59.85
Muslim	30.62	46.06	39.96	34.44	42.99	25.61
Sikh	946	96.56	-3.5	31.15	27.06	-7.62
Buddhist	884.85	52.31	-4.44	50.32	170.89	267.81
Jain	418.67	80.98	-30.75	37.13	9.27	15.81
Others	-	-	-57.33	-60.37	1572.69	-0.64
Not stated	-	-96.02	129.17	-99.32	1661.67	937.75
Manipur	35.04	37.53	32.46	29.29	17.94*	31.8

* Excluding three sub-divisions of Senapati district viz., Mao Maram, Paomata and Purul.

The state had registered a dramatic decline of population growth with decadal growth rate of 17.94% (2001) as against 29.29% (1991) and thereafter witnessed a population spurt of 31.8% in 2011which was running quite above the national figure of 17.64% (2011). The unusual figures observed at 2001 and 2011were the upshots of excluding population of three sub-divisions of Senapati district viz., Mao Maram, Paomata and Purul in the census, 2001.

A much fluctuated decadal growth rates was observed among the minority religious communities and it was because of their less population compositions which might be affected due to few thousand in-migrant or out-migrant of their communities from one census year to another. However, when one looks at three major religion groups, the Hindu and the Christian had more or less declining growth rate since 1951 to 2001 (Hindus had negative growth in 2001 i.e., - 5.91%) while Muslim maintained a slightly stagnant trend.

There after the Christian’s population spurt was witnessed (59.85%) followed by the Muslim (25.61%) and the Hindu (18.56%) in 2011. Nonetheless, a great variation of growth rates at each census year was persisted over the religion groups. For instance; the Christian had decadal growth rates of 122.3% in 1951 while the Hindu and the Muslim had 38.52% and 30.62% respectively.

Abrupt decline of Christian’s decadal growth rates from 1991 to 2001 and again spurts at 2011were due to the non-inclusion of population of three sub-divisions of Senapati district viz., Mao Maram, Paomata and Purul in the Census, 2001. In any case, it is confirm that growth rate of Christian community is faster than its counterpart Hindu and Muslim communities; and again Muslim has faster than that of Hindu.

Table-3
District & religion-wise decadal growth rate (%) from 2001 to 2011

District & religion-wise decadal growth rate (%) from 2001 to 2011
District Manipur Hindu Muslim Christian Sikh Buddhist Jain Others Not stated
Valley    15.72    17.35    25.89    12.39    -14.18    508.50    -99.41    -1.02    813.27
Hill    61.87    39.01    18.94    63.51    4.94    195.06    302.47    20.08    1103.08
2-value    32616.336    849.305    13.199    3719.504    7.446    153.235    35598.832*    85.243    18.064
df    1    1    1    1    1    1    1    1    1
P-value    <0.001    <0.001    <0.001    <0.001    0.006    <0.001    <0.001    <0.001    <0.001
Imphal East    15.50    14.37    27.43     16.85     -1.09     719.23     -99.90     4.55     1104.96
Imphal West    16.56    17.07    27.05     29.29     -12.22     506.08     -98.28     4.51     1123.95
Bishnupur    13.93    17.59    31.68     -30.70     -56.92     2433.33     -99.95     -0.78     239.63
Thoubal    15.93    20.82    23.57     -15.84     3.92     111.11     -99.95     -16.67     1255.17
2-value    40.929    188.912    39.048    1018.052    23.248    58.179    2285.788    901.516    211.196
df    3    3    3    3    3    3    3    3    3
P-value    <0.001    <0.001    <0.001    <0.001    <0.001    <0.001    <0.001    <0.001    <0.001
Senapati    206.13    43.99    158.86     247.78     -9.09     88.05     341.66     23.43     1068.09
Tamenglong    26.14    -6.02    -58.83     27.38     -11.94     5971.42     418.18     16.14     3010
Churachandpur    20.28    14.19    12.16     19.60     21.6    953.19     383.33     75.94 7    1179.34
Chandel    21.85    89.61    33.13     18.25     8.8    566.66     145.83     -61.60     487.75
Ukhrul    30.70    32.81    26.56     29.96     12.5    655.95     337.5    166.66     936.11
2-value    73429.020    849.305    831.254    82349.465    4.304    487.507    5.499    501.943    42.517
df    4    4    4    4    4    4    4    4    4

* 1 cells with expected counts less than 5.0; 2 (Chi square); df: degree of freedom.

Overall decadal growth rate (%) from 2001 to 2011for valley was 15.72% as against 61.87% for hill. It is further worthwhile to mention that the decadal growth rate for all the religion groups except Muslim and Buddhist were found growing faster in hill than that of valley.

Even the Hindu population was significantly growing faster in hill than valley. In contrast, Sikh, Jain and Other religion groups had negative decadal growth rate in valley. Statistically there is a great variation of religion-wise decadal growth rate between valley and hill as evident by all the P-values are <0.01.

To be continued..

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* Prof RK Narendra Singh wrote this article for Hueiyen Lanpao
The author is Professor and Head of Biostatistics, RIMS, Imphal.
This article was posted on September 16, 2015.

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