wahOdoQ - (AEKoIgi naY/Culture) -
AEKoy AyaM_bna naY haIrga jgoy-IsE,sajY-licY,waZaq-saZaq bu KqnE Aduga laIriQ-laIsuu mtiQ cana hErba,noLluQpa mibu Culture lEba miAoIni hayna lOnE Aduga AoNn tEnbda waZaq ludba,miZoNda midugi ApaMbbu b_yeBar UYtba miAoIbuna Culture lEtba miAOIni hayna lOnE |
Adu AoIba targdi naY/Culture krino Amsuq kdaIbu kObge?
Tytor gi mot mtuqINna :- g_ya,Tajba,kla,Afba puQ_niqdgi TorQpa sajY,AIN,cYnbi Amsuq miAoIbna smajgi mnuqda lEbdgi fqlQpa mtiQ-mguN puM_namQpu naY kOI|
Mecilver gi mot mtuqINna :- miAoIbgi yuMlE-kEre,waKL,wari-wataI,sahit_ya,DiRma,poYTaba Amsuq nuqZaIToQpa Asinciqba foqdoQ_liba kudiqmQpu naY/Culture kOI|
Graham Wallas gi mot mtuqINna :- naY/Culture haybsi waKL,mmL lErba fidMsiq Amdi poYsQ kyana seM_bni Aduga naY/Culture haybsi poQpda yaAorQpa guNsiq nYte AmaroMda miAoIbna smajda lErQpa horQpda hOKiba miroL kyadgi mTq mTq fqlQpa,waKL,fidM,cYnbi siqsi naY/Culture hayna KqnE|
AhaNbda Ipa-Ipuna TM_lMba fjba cYnbi,sM_na haIrbda puwarigi taqkQ kyagi mriQ cuM_lba sQ_tM-waKL,loN-cYnbi,BugoL,jgoI-IsE,AEKoIgi ApuNbgi ZMKE,wayeLl-Toda,cYnaroL,KunaIda lEminrQpgi Af-nuqZaI,ApuNbgi sQ_tM puM_namQ naY/Culture AoIrQpgi mruAoIba mcaQsiqni|
Anisubda mnipurgi naY/Culture da ApuNbagi lipuNnuqda caUraQpa puwaridi naY/Culture da taIreL laIyYloN da AsuM_na pLli manipurgi puwari
1) hEyicQ, 2)hEyacQ, 3)KunuqcQ,4)laHbacQ
hEyicQ :-kaHbna AhaNba niqTO AoIna paNKi Aduga kokOhNbna 18suba niqTO AoIKi|
hEyacQ :- lM_bu tM_bu Amadi 28suba niqTO AoIna korO noqga pam_bna niqTOAoIKi|
KunuqcQ :- cQsida KaM_laqba Amadi laHbna paLlbgi pLli|
laHbacQ :-cQsida laIniqTO Kana caUb Amadi 38suba Amadi AroIba niqTo AoIduna cQ mrisida puN_na niqTO 113 paN_duna manipurgi loL,cYnbi,Amadi wareLlonciqba kya myeQ seqna TMlM_Mi|
Aduga Krista 33 dgi 154 faUbda noqda laIreL paKqbn niqTO AoIduna lEbaQki paQ caUba, ZMKE loN cYnabi kya porM yaYtuna KuYkN paqgNba KunaI Amgi sQ_tm UYtuna puNba lEbaQ 91 maITiba piduna lEbaQki paQ caUba Asi niqTi gi ciNwiN faUrga loN_nba lMdgi Koqna numiY huM_ni cYlga lEba tureL Anigi AcOba sruQsiq AoIrM_mi|K_rista 1891 gi AP_riL taq 29 gi mtMdugi b_ritis ki waroLda manipurgi toZaN toZaNba jati,slaI kya piri mdudi:-
Aimo, 2)Anal, 3) Angami(Ngamei),4)Gante, 5) Chote, 6)Hmar, 7)Chiru, 8)Kabui, 9)Paomei,10)Koireng,11)Koireno,12)Lamkang,13)Lushai,14)Maram,15)Maring,16)Mao,17)Monshan, 18)Mayon, 19)Paite, 20)Purum, 21)Ralte, 22)Sema, 23)Simte, 24)Sahte, 25)Jau, 26)Jarao, 27)Zemei, 28)Zoumei, 29)Jangkhul, 30)Jhadou, 31)Waiphei, 32)Liyangmei, 33)Rongmei,34)Kharum, 35)Harangkhol, 36)Lumhao, 37)Khongsai,38)Lotha,39)Meitei(Mangang),40)Meitei Pangal, 41)Meitei Bamol, 42)Meitei Roi,43)Meitei Kshetri,44)Meitei Ningthouja , 45)Loi, 46)Muchi, 47)Yaithibi, 48)Thangal, 49)khuman, 50)Luwang, 51)Angom, 52)Moirang, 53)Khaba, 54)Nganba,55)Chenglei,56)Kalish(KakRaja),57)Sekmai, 58)Leimaram, 59)Pheiyeng.
siqsi hOrQfM tiNnaba lisaqsiYna toyna TiNnana KuNda lEtaminduna Kuliqminduna hiqminrQ_lba Amadi ciq Amsuq tMgi toZaN toZaNba cYnbi naY kyana yoMjrgsu Ima Amatgi mcaguM nuqsi caNna KuNdaminrQKi|ZsimQsu AEKoIgi naY/Culture gi fibaLnuqda yQ_li|
manipurgi naY/Culture gi mruAoIba sQ_tM Kra mKada piri :-
" Ahoqba lEtba :-p_riTibigi mfm kyada mmiq cYlba mHto kya lErM_mi Aduga kya Amana muYK_re Adubu Zsi gi manipurda yeLhOZEdgi KN_nba lEtna KuN_da lEtaminduna lEminrQ_lba ciqAmsuq tMda KuN_damiNrQ_lba furuPca K_waIgi ApuNbgi sQ_tM Ama lEjrM_ba msa masigi cYnbisiq ZaQ_nduna ToIdoQ_na miYyeq laN_ndna hoqba lEtna hiqminrQpa Asini,mpagi AkNba kya laQ_lbsu lMdMsigi lEjrM_ba naY/Culture tuda cuPsiNkiba Asisu AZQpa mcaQsiqgi mnuqda Amani|
K_rsta 1467-1508 k_yaM_ba niqTOgi sna haQ_tQtgi hiN_du gi AcOba laIniq laQKiba, K_rsta 1817-1826 ki chi trey KuN_taQ_na,1891 gi Aqg_lo manipur warna ToIdoQ_na AEKoIgi lEjrM_ba naY/Culture gi Ahoqba fiBM Amata AoIKidba AsiniAmadi K_rista 518 da iniqTO smEraqna AhaNba puya mE Taba,1732 da saN_tidas gosaIna Amadi 1891 gi b_ritis srkarna numiY 7ni cuP_na AhuMsuba puya mE TaK_rabasu laMdMsigi naYtadi ToIdoQ_na Ahoqba lEKidba Asini|
Manipurgi puwarida AEKoIgi sasN :- K_rista 33 dgi 1955 faAoba niqTO 76 paN_duna lEbaQki sQ_tM Amadi ZMKE yuMTqnba lEbaQ kyaga laN_Teqnduna Amdi IroMdoM ZaQToQ_tuna laQKi,K:1470 da k_yiyaM_ba-keKoM_ba na poq/saN cuQ_ti InKi,Aqg_lo Manipur mucuyeL difeNs t_riti sePteM_br 14,1762,AqG_lo manipur difeNs p_rotogoL1763,t_riti Aof yaN_dMbu f_rebuAri 1826, Aqg_lo Manipur t_riti 1833,kbo Beli Ag_rimeN_t 1834 Amadi Manipur S_teY kNstut_yesneL AQ_t 1947 seMduna niqtM_ba lEbaQ AoIKi Amadi 1947 da BarY srkarna naMja nMTeQ_ta BarYki fibaLnuqda tiLjNKi|
KeYN_nbsiqgi mrQ_ta ApuNbgi lipuL :- manipurgi naY/Culture gi ToIdoQpa mguNdi KeN_naba kya lEna lEna ApuNbgi naY/Culture Ama sagYpa,toZaNba cYna-loNcY-sajY,naY/Culture,lEbaQ Asida chi lisiq ca kyagi KuNdaminrQpa ,Drma kyagi laIniq lM_bi,Adubu AZQpdi toZaN toZaNba kyasiqgi mrQ_ta KeN_nba kya Asibu puN_na leqsiNba ZM_ba naY/Culture Amna puL_li|
KeYnabada KuY Tiqjindba Amsuq puN_na hiqmiN_nba :- AtoPpgi Drmada KuY TiqjiN_ndba Amsuq Drmada KuY TiqjiNdba haybsi naY/Culture gi mruAoIba fjba sQ_tMsiqgi mnuqda Amani|
Uriba jgY Asida miAOIbgi puNsina AToIbni miAOIbga jibga KeYnribsi Drma KaQ_tni,tuM_ba-caba,Akiba Amsuq mca-mnaAo poQpa mri Asiddi miAoIbga saga cPmanE,KYnribdi DrmaKQ_tni,Drmabu IN_draba saga cP mane|
Drma hayba wahEsigi ArTadi yoKYpa,seMgYpa-sagYpa haIbni|
msina miAoI puM_bbu punduna TM_mi,mduna mrM AoIduna puM_namQpu puNduna TM_liba Adu TRmani,Adubu Zsidi Drmagi fjba kya laNna ArTa purQpdgi minuqsigi waqmada laQ_le,Amaga Amaggi mrQ_ta miAOIbgi licY waqmda laQ_le fjrba AEKoIgi g_yaN puM_ba maZsiLlQ_Le maqnbgi mcaQ kya laQ_le miAoIbgi TmoInuqgi fjba g_yaN puM_ba maHsiLlQ_le|
mrM Asina Drmagi KeYnba TMdna civilization gi KNduna puNna lemiNnrQpgi naY/Culture du ZaQ_tuna Drmagi KeYnba miYyeq TMndna puN_na yeLhOZEdgi KuN_dminrQ_lba KunaIcasiqna puwarigi naY/Culture du ZaQ_tuna Tm_bgi AceYpa fireP Aduta nYtna maNnba Toq Amagi mKada caUKY lM_bi TimiN_nba taI |
krM_ba rajnino tuqlMcYki puwarigidmQ :-lMdmsigi puwarida lisaH siYna lMdMsigi sasNda KYnba lEtna maN_nba miYyeq-kyaYnuqda liduna TM_lQKiba ApuNba KunaIlon,sQ_tM,nuqsi-caN_nbgi mAoq,Amadi wayeL Todagi mAoqmtOsiqdu liduna TM_bata nYtna mara KuqguL liduna puM_namQsidubu kaIhN_dna TM_bna lEriba hujiQ_ki miroLgi fMnaIbsiqgi Amata ZaIrba TOdaqni Adubu lMdMsigi AsoIba Aceqbna TL_lba rajniti mAOqsina KunaIgi puNsi mahiq Amdi tqdu lEtahNdba Ama poQhNbta nYtna Akibgi msQ AoIhL_li|
Adudi krM_ba mKLgi rajnitigi kaqloN drkar lE ?
rajnitidi KHl-HErba,mriL lEba,mrEbaQ-mjatibu TmoI ceYna Tjjba,Drma ceNba Amsuq lmcY fjba miAoItna yaUgdbni|AduguM_lba mE IQ_lba siqdutuda lEbaQki wayeL Toda paIgdbni|
msi TOraqcHI|
AduguM_lba mTO/mtiQ lEba misQ_tu tuqgi KunaigidmQ_ta tuqlMcYki ApuNbgi sasN,manaba KunaI,Amadi puwariga sagonrQ_lba rajnigi kaqloN KqhN_duna Afba tqdu lEtaba ApuNbgi naY/Culture Adu kaIhNdba taI|
waroIsiN-
mrM Aduna lMdMsigi Amta AoIbgi waKL sagYpda jatigi mrQ_ta KeYnba kya lejrbsu nuqsi-caN_nbgi liciq Ama seMduna KuNdaminbgi mhaUdu lOminba taI|
KunaIna mayoQ_nriba TOdoQ waToQ Awa-Ana myaM Asi koQhNnbgi paM_e Tina Tina ApuNba KunaIgi sQ_tM kayhN-dna TM-lga furuP Kudiqgi tM-moIda lEnriba TruM/UqKYnba puM-namQ puMkoQ koQhNnba puNna hoYnminbgi mTO taI Amdi AKuba miyyeq TadoQM_minduna hiqminba cum_mi|
mrmdi tuqlMcYki caAoKYpa KunaI Amagi puNsi mhiqdugidmQki paNdMda hoYnminba taI,Aduna knaguM_ba furuP casiqna msagi(ethnic nationalism) da yeqduna suPnm toba yaroI mdu smajgi kaInba siNba TOAOqni|
Aduna miYyeq Amtda AcuM_ba lM_bi Amda lMjiqduna KunaIsigi puNsi fidMbu msQ ToQ_na,nuZaI-yaIfna,tqdu lEtaba AoIhNnbgi TOdaq Adu lOfM ToQ_le TOdaq Asi kaUToQ_liba mKE KunaIsi soInaIrba KunaI AoIduna AduM lEKini|
mrm Aduna AreoIbda Amata AoIbgi waKL maqKiba miYkuP_ta AeKoIgi fjrM_ba/kLlM_ba maqKiduna mimandba KunaI Ama AoIba haybsi soId_raba wafmni,AroIbda AEKoIgi ApuNbgi waKl lEribmKEdi p_riTibigi sQ_ti Amatna maqhNba AoIToQ_tbni|
Gunachandra Kakchinmgtabam contributes regularly to e-pao.net
You can email the writer at [email protected]
This article was webcasted on 19th April 2005.
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