TODAY -

China Remains a Key Player in Myanmar's Energy Sector
- Part 2 -

Dr. Puyam Rakesh Singh *



Oil Pipeline and Refinery Projects

In addition to power sector, China is a key player in oil and gas projects in Myanmar. The construction of crude oil pipeline passing through Myanmar and the oil unloading terminal on Ma-de Island in Kyaukpyu was a significant achievement in this direction. For a developing country like Myanmar, the pipeline project offered not only transit fee but also a share of crude oil for domestic consumption, job opportunities and technological knowledge.

This enabled the formulation of plans to construct new oil refinery with larger capacity to meet the increasing demand. No doubt, China has much to gain by lessening dependence on the Malacca Strait. The 2,400 kilometre long oil pipeline will feed the proposed 260,000 barrels per day Anning refinery plant in Yunnan province of China bordering Myanmar.

The construction of the pipeline project began in 2011 and it was completed in early 2015 at the cost of US$2.4532 billion.[31] The concerned authorities implementing the pipeline construction took up social welfare measures for the people affected by the project.[32] In May 2014, Myanmar Union Minister for Energy Zeyar Aung visited oil field in Daqing, South East Asian pipeline control station, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) gas station and China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) pipeline control centre in Beijing.

He also visited the West to East pipeline control station in Shanghai and the Yunnan oil refinery project in Kunming to strengthen technical cooperation with China in energy sector.[33] During Chinese Premier Li Keqiang's visit, a MoU on China-Myanmar cooperation in oil and gas sector was signed between the CNPC and the Ministry of Energy of Myanmar.[34] The enthusiasm on the part of Myanmar and China's interests in the oil and gas sector points to a shared future through cooperation between energy departments.

Building of the US$3 billion refinery in Dawei by Guangdong Zhenrong Energy Co. and other host partners will have major implications. Unlike the oil pipeline project, the refinery in Dawei will enhance cooperation in energy sector among Myanmar, China and other South East Asian countries. With a total capacity of 100,000 bpd, the oil terminal, storage and distribution facilities would enhance Myanmar's standing in energy market in South East Asia. In addition to other players, China could be a prospective buyer of the petrochemical products.

Because of Myanmar's geographical location, China and Myanmar can join hands with other actors to make Myanmar a petrochemical industry hub. Crude oil (also natural gas) from Africa and Middle East can be easily transported to Myanmar and an oil and gas refinery industrial complex can do wonders in economic development. Nevertheless, China needs approval of Myanmar to engage in such major projects. Despite having the capital and technological expertise to build such infrastructures, Myanmar's readiness for greater energy cooperation is wanting. This is further plagued by lack of capital and technological expertise on the part of Myanmar. Earlier, the refinery in Dawei also met opposition from some quarters.

The Dawei refinery is a key project from China's energy security point of view. China imports refined petroleum products on the Lancang-Mekong River from Thailand.[35] With the development of the Dawei Special Economic Zone (SEZ), the volume of trade along this river will also increase. To meet the requirements, China joined hands with the Mekong River countries to dredge the river to allow 500-tonne ships to navigate the river year round.[36] Without further delay, China hosted the First Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Leaders' Meeting in Sanya, Hainan Island.

The refinery will also strengthen energy cooperation at regional and sub-regional levels. The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) has economic cooperation programme in areas such as infrastructural linkages, energy, telecommunications, transport and trade facilitation, development of regional economic corridors, agriculture, tourism, human resource development and environmental conservation.[37] Based on this premise, the Economic Corridors of the GMS will link Dawei refinery to Mekong shipping route to facilitate import of petroleum products to China and neighbouring ASEAN countries.

At present, Myanmar has three ageing refineries. The refineries at Chauk with production capacity of 6000 barrels-per-day (bpd), Thanbayagan with capacity of 25,000 bpd and Thanlyin with capacity of 20,000 bpd are unable to meet the demands. Plan for new refinery with larger capacity was floated. A refinery in Minhla Township in Magway was proposed to process crude oil coming from the China-Myanmar oil pipeline.[38]

Such a plant to refine some share of Myanmar's crude oil imported through the Kyaukpyu oil terminal would enhance energy security of Myanmar. The combined refinery capacity of just 51,000 bpd is behind the total demand and the energy consumption is increasing rapidly.[39]

A report states that the three refineries are in poor state and produce barely one third of the official figure of 55,000 barrels per day combined capacity.[40] Myanmar with a population of about 55 million population uses only 35,000 to 40,000 barrels of oil products a day while Thailand with 65 million consumes around one million barrels a day.[41]

In 2013, Myanmar produced around 20,000 barrels of oil per day from its onshore and offshore oil reserves.[42] The Myanmar Oil and Gas Enterprise and the US Energy Information Administration suggests that the country has a proven reserve of 540 billion cubic metres of gas and around 50 million barrels of oil.[43]

The proposal for a new oil refinery involving Guangdong Zhenrong Energy Co. received the green signal from China's National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) in November 2014.[44] Under the new Myanmar laws on foreign investment, Ministry of Energy of Myanmar should participate in every new petrochemical project undertaken in the country. With 70 percent share in the investment, Guangdong Zhenrong Energy Co. will work with other joint venture partners of Myanmar. [45] The MoU on the project was signed in 2010 and an environmental assessment was conducted in 2012.[46] Successful completion of the project will open new opportunities for both China and Myanmar.

Myanmar has become a level playing field for various players including China. China invested in some major projects in energy sector. Further cooperation and collaboration in this field would create more wealth and services for the two peoples. Restoration of mutual trust and strengthening of strategic ties could open new windows of opportunities. In fact, there is vitality in the bilateral relationship to engage in major cooperation projects. Oil and natural gas are strategic resources to fuel economic development.

Moreover, Myanmar has huge potential for hydropower generation. Cooperation in these areas will bring major achievements in other sectors of the economy too. To tell the truth, it is a priority area in bilateral cooperation at present. The power plants, oil pipeline and refinery projects would help awaken Myanmar from its long slumber. A well-played game is expected when the players have discipline and rules are fair to all. These are the basic requirements to engage in a mutually beneficial cooperation.

Reference

1. 'KIO warns China: Myitsone Dam could spark civil war', Mizzima, 20 May 2011, at
http://www.mizzima.com/news/inside-burma/5295-kio-warns-china-myitsone-dam-could-spark-civil-war.html.
2. Shen, Dingli (2011), 'Some reflections on China's diplomacy in 2010', 5 January 2011, at http://www.china.org.cn/opinion/2011-01/05/content_21676287.htm.
3. KIA based in Kachin State is committing deterrence to development projects of Kachin State, 17 June 2011, at http://www.mofa.gov.mm/news/June2011/17-6-2011.html.
4. Myanmar, China to cooperate in electric power sector, New Light of Myanmar, 21 August 2011.
5. China, Myanmar agree to cooperate on suspended joint hydropower project, Xinhua, 10 October 2011, at
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-10/10/c_131183217.htm; Wang, Yan and Zheng, Yangpeng (2011), VP Xi: resolve differences through talks, 11 October 2011, at http://en.people.cn/90785/7613694.html.
6. China, Myanmar agree to deepen comprehensive strategic cooperation, 15 November 2014, Naypyitaw, Xinhua, at
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-11/15/c_133790813.htm.
7. President U Thein Sein, Chinese Premier Li hold talks at Presidential Palace, Global New Light of Myanmar, 15 November 2014.
8. Myanmar President meets Chinese vice president in Nay Pyi Taw, 17 December 2014, at http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-12/17/c_127310251.htm.
9. China-Myanmar Electric Power Cooperation Commission Meets, 23 January 2015, Global New Light of Myanmar, Naypyitaw, Page. 3.
10. Union electric power minister meets vice administrator of NEA, Yunnan Province governor, 27 May 2015, at http://www.moi.gov.mm/moi:eng/?q=news/28/05/2015/id-3631.
11. Ibid.
12. Tin Mg Oo (2015), China, Myanmar sign wide ranging business deals', Myanmar Business Today, 17 June 2015, Vol. 3, Issue 23, at
http://www.mmbiztoday.com/articles/china-myanmar-sign-wide-ranging-business-deals.
13. Myanmar, China agree to step up cooperation in border management and work together to maintain peace and stability in border areas, Global New Light of Myanmar, 5 September 2015, page. 2.
14. China backs political solution to northern Myanmar issue, eyes boosted cooperation, 22 April 2015, Jakarta, at
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2015-04/22/c_134175284.htm.
15. President meets officials from Chinese power generation group, Global New Light of Myanmar (GNLM), 19 January 2016, at
http://www.globalnewlightofmyanmar.com/president-meets-officials-from-chinese-power-generation-group/.
16. President attends opening of Myogyi Multi-purpose Dam, GNLM, 2 January 2016, page. 1.
17. Hydropower Projects: China-Myanmar Cooperation, Myanmar International TV, 3 February 2016, at
http://www.myanmarinternational.tv/news/hydropower-projects-china-myanmar-cooperation.
18. China Three Gorges Corporation signed MoA for first wind power project in Myanmar, GNLM, 3 March 2016, page 5.
19. China-Myanmar JV starts building power plant in Myanmar's Yangon, GNLM, 13 May 2016, page. 3.
20. China tops list of investors in Myanmar, GNLM, 19 March 2016, page. 5.
21. China, Myanmar pledge to further develop traditional friendship, People's Daily, 7 April 2016, at http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2016-04/07/content_24341735_3.htm.
22. China Focus: China mulls upgrade of Lancang-Mekong ship route, 26 March 2016, Kunming, at http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-03/26/c_135224454.htm.
23. Myanmar official urges to resolve China-Myanmar dam project issue, People's Daily, Myitkyina, 3 June 2016, at
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-06/03/c_135410809.htm.
24. Xi vows to promote China-Myanmar partnership, 19 August 2016, Beijing, Xinhua, at http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-08/19/c_135615833.htm.
25. China, Myanmar agree to solve suspended dam issue, 18 August 2016, Xinhua, at http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-08/18/c_135612261.htm.
26. Joint press release between the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and the People's Republic of China, Global New Light of Myanmar, 21 August 2016, page. 2.
27. Residents protest against Mytisone Dam meeting, Mizzima, 6 June 2016,
at http://www.mizzima.com/news-domestic/residents-protest-against-myitsone-dam-meeting; Moe Myint (2016), Dozens in Myitkyina Township Protest Myitsone Dam Meeting, The Irrawaddy, 4 June 2016, at
http://www.irrawaddy.com/burma/dozens-myitkyina-township-protest-myitsone-dam-meeting.html.
28. China stands as largest investor in Myanmar's power sector, Yangon, 8 September 2016, Xinhua, at http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-09/08/c_135673133.htm.
29. Kyaw, Khine (2016), Myanmar targets 17-fold rise in coal-fired power by 2030, The Nation, 19 January 2016, at
http://www.nationmultimedia.com/business/Myanmar-targets-17-fold-rise-in-coal-fired-power-b-30277093.html.
30. Ibid.
31. Ma-de oil port to create job opportunities for locals and contribute to development of education and health sectors, Global New Light of Myanmar, Yangon, 29 January 2015.
32. CNPC, Mines Ministry takes measures for welfare of locals along Myanmar-China oil and gas pipeline, New Light of Myanmar, 23 July 2011.
33. Union Energy Minister visits oil fields, gas pipeline control stations in China, New Light of Myanmar, 28 May 2014.
34. President U Thein Sein, Chinese Premier Li hold talks at Presidential Palace, Global New Light of Myanmar, 15 November 2014.
35. Commercial Transportation on the Mekong River, 2 May 2008, at http://stimson.org/content/commercial-transportation-mekong-river.
36. China Focus: China mulls upgrade of Lancang-Mekong ship route, 26 March 2016, Kunming, at http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-03/26/c_135224454.htm.
37. Two corridors of Mekong Subregion will surely contribute to regional development, Global New Light of Myanmar, 21 December 2014.
38. Aung Shin (2014), Progress on new refinery in Magwe region stalls, Myanmar Times, 9 February 2014, at
http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/business/9495-progress-on-new-oil-refinery-in-magwe-stalls.html.
39. Myanmar constructing new oil refinery for domestic use, 19 August 2012, at http://www.shwe.org/myanmar-constructing-new-oil-refinery-for-domestic-use/.
40. Boot, William (2014), Burma's Oil Production Tipped to Decline; Fuel Imports to Increase, The Irrawaddy, 17 July 2014, at
http://www.irrawaddy.com/business/burmas-oil-production-tipped-decline-fuel-imports-increase.html.
41. Yep, Eric (2014), Major Oil Traders Eye Growth in Myanmar Fuel Demand, The Wall Street Journal, 27 May 2014, at
http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304811904579587513704969346.
42. Boot, William (2014), Burma's Oil Production Tipped to Decline; Fuel Imports to Increase, The Irrawaddy, 17 July 2014, at
http://www.irrawaddy.com/business/burmas-oil-production-tipped-decline-fuel-imports-increase.html.
43. Ibid.
44. Li, Wenfang (2015), Refinery deal in Myanmar key for Guangdong Zhenrong Energy, China Daily, 27 January 2015, at
http://usa.chindaily.com.cn/business/2015-01/27/content_19414571.htm.
45. Ibid.
46. Ibid.

Concluded...


* Dr. Puyam Rakesh Singh wrote this article for e-pao.net
The writer can be contacted at khuman_mei(AT)yahoo(DOT)com
This article was posted on September 25, 2016.


* Comments posted by users in this discussion thread and other parts of this site are opinions of the individuals posting them (whose user ID is displayed alongside) and not the views of e-pao.net. We strongly recommend that users exercise responsibility, sensitivity and caution over language while writing your opinions which will be seen and read by other users. Please read a complete Guideline on using comments on this website.




LATEST IN E-PAO.NET
  • Konung Kang Chingba #1 : Gallery
  • Violence in Manipur 2023-2025 : Timeline
  • Manipur Iskcon's 25th Ratha Yatra 2025
  • Native Threshing machine made for farmers
  • COVID-19: Update 04 July 2025 : Manipur
  • Riso Ejang: Youth-led Transformation
  • Include males too in addressing HPV
  • Whispers from the past :: Poem
  • LPU opens permanent outreach centre
  • Raj Bhavan moving on the right track
  • Speculations over PM Modi's visit to state
  • Colonial Knowledge Production in NE #7
  • Make Yourself Visible to Opportunity
  • Orange bowl: tradition with ecological wisdom
  • 10 ways to keep a kitchen garden disease free
  • Between PR, military mandates & AFSPA
  • Allocation fund for MLALAD Fund during PR
  • Denounces Killing of KNA Deputy C-in-C
  • COVID-19: Update 03 July 2025 : Manipur
  • Cases of fake Aadhaar cards
  • Sincere dealing must for stricter Aadhaar
  • Archaeology: Culture of Manipur : Booklet
  • Wanna be a singer? Get Botox
  • A Central institute in Manipur
  • Nagging in the name of love
  • COVID-19: Update 02 July 2025 : Manipur
  • 'Benefits' of Indira's Emergency
  • Social Stigma :: Poem
  • Inking a peace pact: Why, how: SoO quagmire
  • Van Mahotsav under shadow of declining forest
  • 11th Th Kishan Memorial Lecture : Gallery
  • Shinthoibi, Jangvei, Tamphaton : eMing
  • Manipur crisis & the Left media's blind spot
  • COVID-19: Update 01 July 2025 : Manipur
  • Bombom RK : Musclemania Universe NYC
  • The Grief :: Poem
  • Music Concert & Quiz (MCQ) 2.0
  • SoO agreement unlikely to be scrapped
  • Regulating use of plastic carry bags
  • Mera Houchongba @Kangla #4 : Gallery
  • International Day of Yoga @JNMDA : Gallery
  • BD Behring: The inimitable Gentleman I knew
  • Violence in the name of patriotism : Misguided
  • Daily oral vs long-acting injectable for HIV
  • COVID-19: Update 30 June 2025 : Manipur
  • Smile :: Poem
  • Why was President's Rule imposed ?
  • BJP under pressure to forge unity
  • Kang @Leikai in Imphal : Gallery
  • July Calendar for Year 2025 : Tools
  • COVID-19 : A recurring crisis in Manipur
  • DC Kaith and Forestry in Manipur : Book
  • COVID-19: Update 29 June 2025 : Manipur
  • Longing for Peace :: Poem
  • Black badge, slogan protest by peeved scribes
  • Present the true picture before Delhi
  • Pung-Cholom @ Polo Tournament : Gallery
  • Life: A Journey Through Thought & Being
  • Khongjai Hills & Kuki claim to indigeneity
  • Master Time by Managing Information
  • COVID-19: Update 28 June 2025 : Manipur
  • Pride & patriotism in CCpur's army families
  • The Power of Poppy - 87 :: Poem
  • World Decarbonisation Day: green environment
  • Welcome Home - Nganthoi #2 : Gallery
  • Loss of two precious lives from Manipur
  • Balancing civil liberties with public safety
  • COVID-19: Update 27 June 2025 : Manipur
  • Gender equality & human rights are indivisible
  • Stay hydrated this summer season
  • Silent Half of the Sun :: Poem
  • Connecting the dots in the wishlist
  • Assembly record tampering claims by ex-CM
  • The immortal legacy of Pukhramba Kajao
  • International Day against Drug Abuse 2025
  • COVID-19: Update 26 June 2025 : Manipur
  • Black pottery from Ukhrul - tribal heritage
  • Program on "Mission-Drug Free Campus"
  • Play makes a better world
  • Urgent Appeal to the Honourable MLAs
  • Tribal Empowerment Campaign at CCpur
  • Talk doing the round: PM to come
  • 'Emergency' relief for under-fire BJP
  • Golden Jubilee Art Fair @Imphal : Gallery
  • Declaration: Meetei People Convention, Delhi
  • A Flower Among the Rocks :: Review
  • Book Donation Campaign
  • Improved road connectivity boosts livelihoods
  • To Have Great Dreams :: Poem
  • COVID-19: Update 25 June 2025 : Manipur
  • Regret vs Sorry: Technical & moral insight
  • Cocktail of inept Govt, selfish people
  • State trailing others in cleanliness
  • Colonial Knowledge in NE India #6
  • UHI effect & rising temperatures in Manipur
  • Frequent road blockades cripple economy
  • COVID-19: Update 24 June 2025 : Manipur
  • Unite Health with Community health services
  • NSU, Imphal, tops IIRF Ranking 2025
  • Endless conflict :: Poem
  • Pak nobel pish prize for Trump
  • May 3, 2023 - June 24, 2025: Failure of Delhi
  • Hotter days, sudden rainfall no more a rarity
  • "The Great June Uprising" #2 : Gallery
  • How to Build a Career, Lead with Purpose
  • 2nd Foundation Day- Karnataka Meitei Assn
  • COVID-19: Update 23 June 2025 : Manipur
  • NSCN-IM Amnesty threatens to isolate it
  • Sunset :: Poem
  • Intl Yoga Day for a healthier environment
  • Of clogged drains and plastics
  • Poor roads testify Govt indifference
  • Welcome Home - Nganthoi #1 : Gallery
  • The Silent Erosion of Manipuri Language
  • Design health services around people
  • Serene Hills Host Inspiring Int'l Yoga Day
  • COVID-19: Update 22 June 2025 : Manipur
  • Chopper services between Senapati & Imphal
  • High Court Judges interacted with convicts
  • Redyeing the Fabric :: Poem
  • Differences yet to be resolved stand
  • Border fencing rage as solution eludes
  • Radio E-pao: 14 new songs updated
  • Climate Adaptive Agroforestry
  • Manipur overlooked demographic shifts
  • Young designers shine on Fashion Stage
  • COVID-19: Update 21 June 2025 : Manipur
  • International Day of Yoga at Lamphelpat
  • International Day of Yoga at JNMDA
  • The Power of Poppy - 86 :: Poem
  • Keishampat Lairembi Haraoba #1 : Gallery
  • Crisis in Manipur's Contemporary Education
  • Best 8 Performances in Manipuri Cinema
  • Identity: Caught between China & India ?
  • COVID-19: Update 20 June 2025 : Manipur
  • To The Father Who Listens :: Poem
  • How does net suspension affect youths ?
  • Targeting farmers to cripple state's economy
  • The virus is back and spreading
  • Who is afraid of Manipur ?
  • A threatened lily growing at Shirui Hills
  • World Environment Day in Manipur : Gallery
  • Ambubachi Mela at Maa Kamakhya
  • COVID-19: Update 19 June 2025 : Manipur
  • Dolls made from repurposed vegetable refuse
  • Condemns Attack on Farmer & Killing
  • Abhorrent politics of SoO
  • Police arrogance on harmless drivers
  • "The Great June Uprising" #1 : Gallery
  • Solution from Buddhist & Jain perspectives
  • AI sparks employment concerns in Manipur
  • Greatest Foe :: Poem
  • Chief Justice at Relief Camp, Kangpokpi
  • Call for Recognition of a 3rd Category of IDPs
  • Jun 18, 2001- May 3, 2023: Seed of violence
  • Contract scam in hill districts
  • Colonial Knowledge in NE India #5
  • Spaced Out - Panthung Di Kadaaida! : Rvw
  • Condemns the Killing of Abdul Qadir
  • COVID-19: Update 17 June 2025 : Manipur
  • Thoubal aspirant makes Manipur proud
  • Tamenglong hospital brings quality healthcare
  • Chief Justice at Relief Camp, Mayang Imphal
  • Kuki CM & Sixth Schedule
  • Selective protests, selective silence
  • Nailing the culprits need of the hour
  • UK Meetei diaspora run for Myanmar : Gallery
  • Erwin Khundrakpam : NEET-UG 2025 topper
  • Will we rise to #endAIDS challenge or stumble
  • COVID-19: Update 16 June 2025 : Manipur
  • Appeal to Prime Minister: Manipur Crisis
  • Urges Action on Misinformation
  • Condolences : 2 young cabin crew
  • Grateful To Be Alive :: Poem
  • Making bonfire on the roads
  • Aggression yet again, inspite of playing victim
  • Aftermath of flooding @ Khurai #2 : Gallery
  • Zomia, geopolitics, & the struggle for unity
  • COVID-19: Update 15 June 2025 : Manipur
  • Condolences : Demise of 2 Manipuri Girls
  • Manipur unites in grief after Air India tragedy
  • Hail arms recovery as step toward peace
  • Cleanliness Drive at JNIMS Campus
  • Global Wind Day for a clean environment
  • First came the rain, then the heat
  • Rise in Covid-19 cases
  • Thang-Ta Day @Khuman Lampak #3 : Gallery
  • Meetei diaspora in UK runs for Myanmar victim
  • Manipur empower children with disabilities
  • COVID-19: Update 14 June 2025 : Manipur
  • World Blood Donor Day 2025
  • The Power of Poppy - 85 :: Poem
  • A Northeast Gin Makes Its Mark
  • Mera Houchongba @Kangla #3 : Gallery
  • Saluting Nganthoi, Lamnunthem : Joining hand
  • Condolence : Nganthoi & Lamnunthem
  • 50 years of Pebet #2 : Gallery
  • Indo-Naga Talks (From 2012) :: Timeline
  • Colonial Knowledge in NE India #4
  • Namphake Monastery @ Dibrugarh : Gallery
  • Protest @Checkon -AT arrest [Jun 9] : Gallery
  • Protests - AT arrest [Jun 8 night] : Gallery
  • Aftermath of flooding @ Khurai #1 : Gallery
  • /li>
  • Flooding at JNIMS Hospital #2 : Gallery
  • North East NSS Festival @ MU : Gallery
  • 27th Meira Paibi Numit : Gallery
  • Trump's tariff legacy & its global echo
  • Flooding at JNIMS Hospital #1 : Gallery
  • Flooding Imphal East [31 May] #3 : Gallery
  • Flooding Imphal East [31 May] #2 : Gallery
  • Flooding Imphal East [31 May] #1 : Gallery
  • S Nirupama @Miss Universe : Gallery
  • Protesters to Raj Bhavan [May 25]: Gallery
  • Human Chain @Airport road [May 26]: Gallery
  • Miss Shirui Pageant Contestant: Gallery
  • 48 hrs Bandh: protest security forces: Gallery
  • Protest Rally: Journalist harassment: Gallery
  • HSLC 2025: Full Result (Check Roll No)
  • HSLC 2025: Important Info & Grading System
  • HSLC 2025 : Compartmental candidates
  • HSLC 2025 : Comparative Statement
  • HSLC 2025 : Statistical Abstract
  • HSLC 2025 : District Pass Percentage
  • HSLC 2025 : Govt School Pass %
  • HSLC 2025 : Aided School Pass %
  • HSLC 2025 : Private School Pass %
  • People's Convention on 3rd May #2 : Gallery
  • Featured Front Page Photo 2025 #2: Gallery
  • Riya Khwairakpam : HSE Science Topper
  • Keisham Hannah : HSE Arts Topper
  • Warepam Lidia : HSE Commerce Topper
  • HSE 2025 Result : Science Full Result
  • HSE 2025 Result : Arts Full Result
  • HSE 2025 Result : Commerce Full Result
  • HSE 2025 Information / Abbreviation
  • HSE 2025 Topper : Science
  • HSE 2025 Topper : Arts
  • HSE 2025 Topper : Commerce
  • HSE 2025 : Pass Percentage
  • HSE 2025 : Result Abstract
  • HSE 2025 : Candidates with Highest Marks
  • Ougri Lirol :: Part 1 : Ooba Video
  • President's Rule in Manipur : 1967 - 2025
  • Downloadable Manipuri Calendar :: 2025